Series Voltage Calculator

Calculate the total voltage in series circuits. In series circuits, voltages add up algebraically considering their polarities.

Series Circuit

    V1 โ”€โ”€โ”ฌโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€ R1 โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ฌโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€ R2 โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ฌโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€ R3 โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ฌโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€ GND
         โ”‚            โ”‚            โ”‚            โ”‚
         โ”‚            V1           V2           V3
         โ”‚            โ”‚            โ”‚            โ”‚
         โ””โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ดโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”ดโ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”€โ”˜
                    Vtotal = V1 + V2 + V3

Voltage Sources/Drops

About Series Voltage Circuits

In a series circuit, components are connected end-to-end in a single path. The total voltage across the circuit is the algebraic sum of all individual voltages, considering their polarities.

Key Principles:

  • Voltage Addition: Voltages in series add algebraically
  • Same Current: Current is the same through all components
  • Polarity Matters: Voltage sources can aid or oppose each other
  • Kirchhoff's Voltage Law: Sum of voltages around a closed loop equals zero

Applications:

  • Battery packs (cells in series)
  • Voltage divider circuits
  • LED string lights
  • Multi-stage amplifiers