Series Voltage Calculator
Calculate the total voltage in series circuits. In series circuits, voltages add up algebraically considering their polarities.
Series Circuit
V1 ──┬──── R1 ────┬──── R2 ────┬──── R3 ────┬──── GND
│ │ │ │
│ V1 V2 V3
│ │ │ │
└────────────┴────────────┴────────────┘
Vtotal = V1 + V2 + V3
About Series Voltage Circuits
In a series circuit, components are connected end-to-end in a single path. The total voltage across the circuit is the algebraic sum of all individual voltages, considering their polarities.
Key Principles:
- Voltage Addition: Voltages in series add algebraically
- Same Current: Current is the same through all components
- Polarity Matters: Voltage sources can aid or oppose each other
- Kirchhoff's Voltage Law: Sum of voltages around a closed loop equals zero
Applications:
- Battery packs (cells in series)
- Voltage divider circuits
- LED string lights
- Multi-stage amplifiers